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Anaxyrus boreas halophilus |
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Comparison of Treefrog Tadpole (Pseudacris regilla group) (Top)
with Western Toad Tadpole
(Anaxyrus boreas) (Bottom)
(Click on picture for a better view) |
Immature California Treefrog tadpole (Pseudacris cadaverina) (Top)
Mature California Toad tadpole (Bottom)
Ventura County © Brian Hubbs |
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Anaxyrus boreas boreas |
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Tadpoles, Deschutes County, Oregon
Eyes are inset from the edge of the head. |
Tadpole, Deschutes County, Oregon
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Tadpole, Deschutes County, Oregon |
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Ascaphus truei |
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Tadpole feeding on a rock in a still pool in a small creek, in daylight,
Multnomah County, Oregon
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Most tadpoles have mouths at the front of the head, but the mouth of a Coastal Tailed Frog tadpole is underneath the head, which is flattened. The mouth position and head shape, along with specialized folds that create suction, help a tadpole cling to a rock surface while keeping its body close to the rock. This allows a tailed frog tadpole to scrape food off the surface of underwater rocks in fast-moving creeks without letting the swift current wash it downstream. |
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Tadpole feeding at night (underwater)
Del Norte County, showing the
white spot on the tail tip. |
Underside of the head of a tadpole, Del Norte County, showing the large flat mouth underneath the head. |
Tadpole, Del Norte County
© Alan Barron
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Tailed frog tadpoles (bottom) are often found near the larvae of Coastal Giant Salamanders (top). |
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Tadpole underwater, Humboldt County
© Spencer Riffle |
Tadpole underwater, Humboldt County
© Spencer Riffle |
Tadpole underwater, Humboldt County
© Spencer Riffle |
Tadpole tail, Humboldt County
© Spencer Riffle |
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Tadpole tail, Humboldt County
© Spencer Riffle |
Underside of tadpole, Humboldt County
© Spencer Riffle |
Underside of tadpole, Humboldt County
© Spencer Riffle |
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Mature four-legged recently-metamorphosed tailed frog which has not yet absorbed its tail, Del Norte County © Alan Barron |
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Anaxyrus woodhousii |
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Tadpole, Clark County, Nevada © Zachary Cava |
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Lithobates catesbeianus |
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Mature tadpole in water, San Bernardino County |
Mature tadpole, San Bernardino County |
Mature tadpole, Yolo County |
Tadpole out of water, Del Norte County
© Alan Barron |
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Mature tadpole, Orange County © Jeff Ahrens |
Tadpole, San Luis Obispo County
© Matt Willis |
Group of tadpoles,
San Bernardino County
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Mature tadpole, San Luis Obispo
County © Matt Willis |
Mature tadpole, San Luis Obispo
County © Matt Willis |
Mature 4-legged tadpole, still living in water, but put on land for this photo. |
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Mature tadpole, Merced County |
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This is the same tadpole shown in the row above 3 weeks later, one day before it left the water and transformed into a frog (shown in the series below.) |
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Lithobates pipiens |
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Tadpole, Grant Co., Washington
© 2000 William Leonard
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Lithobates spenocephalus |
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Transforming tadpole, Baker County, Florida © Dick Bartlett |
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Lithobates yavapaiensis |
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Tadpoles at the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum in Tucson |
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Tadpole,
Santa Cruz County, Arizona
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Mature tadpole,
Santa Cruz County, Arizona |
Tadpole, Santa Cruz County, Arizona |
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Pseudacris cadaverina |
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Tadpole, San Diego County |
Tadpole, San Diego County |
Tadpole, San Diego County |
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Tadpole, Ventura County © Brian Hubbs |
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Tadpoles, Orange County © Jeff Ahrens |
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Pseudacris hypochondriaca |
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Mature tadpole with rear legs |
Tadpoles, Riverside County © Jeff Ahrens |
Tadpole, Kern County |
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The following pictures show an egg mass and some of the tadpoles that hatched from it over a period of about a month |
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Eggs, day 1 |
Eggs five days later showing developing tadpoles, day 6 |
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Tadpoles 3 days later on day of hatching, day 9 |
Tadpoles 9 days later, day 18 |
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Tadpoles, 3 days later, day 21 |
Tadpole, 1 day later, day 22 |
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Tadpoles, 6 days later, day 28
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Comparisons With Tadpoles of Sympatric Species |
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CA Red-legged Frog tadpole
(Top)
Treefrog tadpole (Pseudacris)
(Bottom) |
CA Red-legged Frog tadpole
(Right)
Treefrog tadpole (Pseudacris)
(Left) |
Foothill Yellow-legged Frog tadpole (Top)
Treefrog Tadpole (Pseudacris)
(Bottom) |
Comparison of Treefrog Tadpole (Pseudacris regilla group) (Top)
with Toad Tadpole
(Anaxyrus boreas) (Bottom) |
The eyes of Treefrog tadpoles (Pseudacris) extend to the margins of the head when seen from above, while the eyes of tapoles of the sympatric California Red-legged Frog are inset from the margins of the head, as you can see in the above photos from Alameda County. © Joseph E. DiDonato.
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Seen from above, the eyes of the Foothill Yellow-legged Frog are located away from the side of the head and the eyes of a treefrog tadpole, Pseudacris regilla, are located at the edge of the head. |
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Pseudacris regilla |
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Young tadpole |
Young tadpole |
Young tadpole |
Young tadpole |
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Mature tadpole, front legs about to emerge, eye stripe visible |
Mature tadpole, with rear legs developing |
Mature tadpole with four legs, and body pattern developing |
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Tadpole
2 days before leaving water |
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Comparisons With Larvae and Tadpoles of Sympatric Species |
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Viewed from above, the eyes of a Pacific Treefrog tadpole (Pseudacris regilla) extend to the outline of the head, as you can see in the picture on the left.
The eyes of the tadpoles of sympatric Rana aurora - Northern Red-legged Frog are inset from the margins of the head, as you can see in the picture on the right.
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Comparison of young sympatric aquatic amphibian larvae:
Treefrog Tadpole (Pseudacris) (Bottom)
Long-toed Salamander larvae (Ambystoma macrodactylum) (Top) |
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Foothill Yellow-legged Frog tadpole (Top)
Treefrog Tadpole (Pseudacris)
(Bottom)
Seen from above, the eyes of the Foothill Yellow-legged Frog are located away from the side of the head and the eyes of a treefrog tadpole, Pseudacris regilla, are located at the edge of the head. |
Cascade Frog tadpole
(Left)
Eyes are on top of the head.
Treefrog tadpole (Pseudacris)
(Right)
Eyes are on the sides of the head. |
Comparison of Treefrog Tadpole (Pseudacris regilla group)
(Top)
with Toad Tadpole (Anaxyrus boreas)
(Bottom)
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Pseuacris sierra |
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Tadpole, Contra Costa County |
Tadpole, Contra Costa County |
Recently hatched tadpoles at shallow edge of small pond,
Contra Costa County |
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Tadpole in water, Contra Costa County |
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Comparisons With Larvae and Tadpoles of Sympatric Species |
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California Red-legged Frog tadpole (Top)
Treefrog tadpole (Pseudacris)
(Bottom) |
California Red-legged Frog tadpole (Right)
Treefrog tadpole (Pseudacris)
(Left) |
Foothill Yellow-legged Frog tadpole (Top)
Treefrog Tadpole (Pseudacris)
(Bottom) |
Comparison of Treefrog Tadpole (Pseudacris regilla group) (Top)
with Toad Tadpole
(Anaxyrus boreas) (Bottom)
(Click on picture for a better view) |
The eyes of Treefrog tadpoles (Pseudacris) extend to the margins of the head when seen from above, while the eyes of tapoles of the sympatric California Red-legged Frog are inset from the margins of the head, as you can see in the above photos from Alameda County. © Joseph E. DiDonato.
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Seen from above, the eyes of the Foothill Yellow-legged Frog are located away from the side of the head and the eyes of a treefrog tadpole, Pseudacris regilla, are located at the edge of the head. |
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Comparison of young sympatric aquatic amphibian larvae:
Treefrog Tadpole (Pseudacris) (Bottom)
Long-toed Salamander larvae (Ambystoma macrodactylum)
(Top) |
Cascade Frog tadpole - (Left)
Eyes are on top of the head.
Treefrog tadpole (Pseudacris) (Right)
Eyes are on the sides of the head. |
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Rana aurora |
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Close-up of Eggs and embryos,
in late stage of development |
Tadpole eyes are set in from the margin of the head. Compare with P. regilla |
Young Tadpole |
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The following series of pictures show the development of a tadpole over the course of several months.
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1. Recently-hatched tadpole |
2. Rear legs developing
(6 weeks later) |
3. Rear legs increasing in size
(10 weeks after hatching) |
4. Rear legs increasing in size
(8 days later) |
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5. Front legs developing
(2 days later) |
5. Front legs developing
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6. Tail decreasing in size (5 days later - about 3 months after hatching.) |
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Rana boylii |
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New hatchlings such as these and those to the right lie still on the bottom of the stream for a short time,
Linn County, Oregon |
Recently-hatched tadpoles in water (from egg cluster below left)
Linn County, Oregon |
Tadpole in water, Santa Clara County |
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Tadpole in water, Santa Clara County |
Tadpole in water, Santa Clara County |
Tadpole with rear legs, in water, Santa Clara County |
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Tadpoles in water, Douglas County, Oregon |
Tadpole in water,
Douglas County, Oregon |
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Tadpole in water, Santa Clara County |
Tadpole in water, Monterey County
© David Hacker |
Tadpole with 4 legs, in water,
Santa Clara County |
Tadpole underside and mouth in water
attached to a glass surface. |
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Comparisons of a California Red-legged Frog tadpole and a Foothill Yellow-legged Frog tadpole, both from Santa Clara County. © Owen Holt
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Rana boylii - Top
Pseudacris regilla - Bottom
Seen from above, the eyes of Rana boylii are located away from the side of the head and the eyes of Pseudacris regilla are located at the edge of the head. |
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Rana cascadae |
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Larvae still in eggs, about to hatch |
Newly-hatched Tadpoles at egg mass |
Newly-hatched Tadpoles
remaining at egg mass |
Brand new hatchling |
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Tadpoles,6,400 ft., Siskiyou County |
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Tadpole, King County, Washington |
Mature tadpoles,
Pierce County, Washington |
Tadpole, King County, Washington |
Tadpole, King County, Washington |
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Tadpole, King County, Washington |
Mature tadpole with rear legs developing |
Mature tadpole with large rear legs |
Mature tadpole with 4 legs |
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Two leucistic tadpoles, Klamath Mountains, Siskiyou County
© Ryan Aberg |
Top/Right: Normally-pigmented tapole
Bottom/Left: Leucistic tadpole
Klamath Mountains, Siskiyou County
© Ryan Aberg |
Rana cascadae - Left
Eyes are on top of the head.
Pseudacris regilla - Right
Eyes are on the sides of the head. |
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Rana draytonii |
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Tadpole, Monterey County, on top, with CA Tiger Salamander larva on bottom. |
Tadpole, Monterey County
© 2004 William Leonard
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Mature tadpole in water at edge of pond, Contra Costa County. |
Mature tadpole in a pond, Contra Costa County.
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California Red-legged frog tadpole |
Top - CA Red-legged frog tadpole.
Bottom - Sierran Treefrog tadpole |
Right - CA Red-legged frog tadpole.
Left - Sierran Treefrog tadpole |
Recently deceased mature tadpole in a pond, Contra Costa County.
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The eyes of the tadpoles of Rana draytonii are inset from the margins of the head when seen from above, while the eyes of the tadpoles of the sympatric Sierran Treefrog - Pseudacris sierra and the Baja California Treefrog - Pseudacris hypochondriaca extend to the margins of the head, as you can see in the above photos from Alameda Counthy. © Joseph E. DiDonato. |
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California Red-legged Frog tadpole, Santa Clara County © Rob Schell
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Mature California Red-legged Frog tadpoles and recently transformed juvenile frog, Santa Barbara County
© Vince Semonsen |
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Comparisons of a California Red-legged Frog tadpole and a Foothill Yellow-legged Frog tadpole, both from Santa Clara County. © Owen Holt |
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Tadpole, Santa Cruz County
© Neil Keung
Animal capture and handling authorized under Federal permits and State Parks permits.
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Four-legged tadpole almost ready to leave the water,
Contra Costa County, mid July. © Mark Gary |
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Rana luteiventris |
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Tadpole, Spokane County, Washington |
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Rana muscosa |
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Adult and tadpole, San Gabriel Mountains, Los Angeles County
© Chris DeGroof |
Immature tadpole, San Gabriel Mountains, Los Angeles County
© Chris DeGroof |
Transforming tadpole underwater, San Gabriel Mountains, Los Angeles County |
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Rana pretiosa |
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Tadpoles, Thurston Co., WA
© 1997 William Leonard |
Mature tadpoles, Lane County, Oregon © Mark Gary |
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Rana sierra |
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Group of mature tadpoles in
shallow water |
Mature tadpole (2 or 3 years old) |
Mature tadpole |
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Mature tadpole |
Mature tadpole (right) and
younger tadpole (left) |
Young tadpole (probably 1 year old) |
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Mature tadpole |
Mature tadpole |
Tadpoles, 2-3 years old, Fresno County
© Vance Vreedenburg
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Mature tadpole with legs, tail, and intermediate jaw shape,
Tuolumne County © Max Roberts |
Hundreds of tadpoles in an alpine lake in Fresno County © Max Roberts |
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Scaphiopus couchii |
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Recently-hatched tadpole,
Yuma County, Arizona |
Recently-hatched tadpole, Yuma County, Arizona |
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Spea hammondii |
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Tadpoles feeding in a turbid rain pool, Alameda County |
Tadpole, Riverside County |
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Tadpole, Riverside County |
Tadpole, Riverside County |
Tadpole, Riverside County |
Tadpole, Riverside County |
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Mature tadpole, Orange County
© Jeff Ahrens Animal capture and handling authorized under SPC or specific authorization from CDFW.
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Tadpole, Riverside County |
Tadpole, Riverside County |
Metamorphosing tadpole, Monterey County (captured and handled under state Scientific Collecting Permit and released at point of capture.)
© Adam Clause |
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Tadpole, Kings County © Patrick Briggs |
Mature tadpole, Monterey County © Rob Schell |
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Young tadpole underwater, Kern County |
Young tadpole underwater, Kern County |
Young tadpole, Kern County |
Young tadpole underwater, Kern County |
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Spea intermontana |
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Two mature eggs attached to a small branch which was found
submerged in shallow water. |
Hatchling tadpole |
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Hatchling tadpole |
Tadpole several days after hatching. |
Older tadpole |
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Mature tadpole with back legs developing |
Mature tadpole
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Mature tadpole |
Mature tadpole with developed back legs |
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Transforming tadpole with tail decreasing in length and front legs developed (and visible) but not yet emerged.
The front legs emerged one day later and the spadefoot moved to land (first picture of the following series).
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Xenopus laevis |
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Tadpole out of water, San Diego County |
Tadpole underwater, San Diego County |
The African Clawed Frog tadpole is a filter feeder. It swims with the head down, vibrating its tail rapidly to stir up tiny bits of food particles which are sucked into the mouth and filtered out of the water which is expelled. |
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Tadpole in aquarium, San Diego County |
Tadpole with mouth open |
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Tadpoles in shallow water, Orange County. © Jonathan Hakim
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Tadpoles, San Diego County © Jay Keller |
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